This thesis presents a study of virtuality in organisations, not as the arrival of a new organisational form (the virtual organisation; the community of practice; the virtual team), but as an expansion of the spatial, temporal and community boundaries which have traditionally limited the way work is organised, a perspective put forward by the author, as organisational virtuality. Using a survey technique and follow-up interviews, the thesis examines web product development in the UK newspaper industry in the late 1990s, drawing on an illustrative device called the organisation-space to identify some uses of technologies and other media which appear to support communications across space, time and organisational boundaries: the three dimensions of virtuality that are investigated here. The analysis indicates: that the changing nature of work is more usefully described as organisational virtuality than as the arrival of any one organisational form; that organisational virtuality is not without limits; and that the challenge of knowledge economy lies in the rate of change of the capabilities required and the influence that this high rate of change has on the ability to recognise sources of innovation. It also finds: a need to modify the social construction of technology (SCOT) approach to reflect the socio-technical mediation of communications; that the tacit contexts of space, time, community and media all influence the creation of meaning and that innovation is influenced by tacitness, not as an essential characteristic of knowledge, but as a feature of a mediated interaction as a whole. In an innovation systems context, virtual work involves communications that are often described as passive 'links'. Yet the thesis finds that the capabilities, access and common data format structures required to participate in socio-technical networks also influence - and are influenced by - not just the extent of knowledge 'exchanges', but their very character. Relationships therefore exist between the socio-technical character of particular uses of communications, the inclusion and exclusion of particular communities, the paths taken by technological development and the positive and negative effects of innovation on different groups. By considering how links mediate innovation in this way- considering systems of innovation as systems of mediation - we can better explain the dynamics of innovation systems. For by moving away from the idea of knowledge 'exchange' and towards the creation of meaning, it is possible to examine how sources of innovation can be found, not only in 'exchanges' between those who have been pre-supposed or recognised as knowledgeable, but in the sharing of communications systems, places, timeframes and communities. The sharing of such contexts helps such communications to be perceived as meaningful and so the perspective of who 'is involved' also changes. This is the original contribution to knowledge made by the thesis. The implications for policy and new product and service developers are also examined.