Integrative Functions in the Mammalian Auditory Pathway

Integrative Functions in the Mammalian Auditory Pathway
Author: Donata Oertel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 444
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1475736541

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A summary of how the electrical signals used to represent sounds are encoded and interpreted through the integrated roles of various nuclei. This volume builds on the information about the anatomy and physiology of the auditory pathway found in volumes 1 and 2 of the SHAR series. While the first two volumes describe the structure and function of auditory pathways, this one explains how these pathways lead to an animal's ability to localize and interpret sounds.

The Mammalian Auditory Pathways

The Mammalian Auditory Pathways
Author: Douglas L. Oliver
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2018-03-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3319717987

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The auditory system is a complex neural system composed of many types of neurons connected into networks. One feature that sets the auditory system apart from other sensory systems, such as somatosensory or visual systems, is the many stages of neural processing that occur between the ear in the periphery and the cerebral cortex. Each stage is composed of specialized types of neurons connected in specific microcircuits that perform computations on the information about sound. To understand this processing, all the tools of neuroscience must be employed. The proposed text integrates cell biology, synaptic physiology, and electrophysiology to fully develop the topic, presenting an overview of the functional anatomy of the central auditory system. It is organized based on the neuronal connectivity of the central auditory system, which emphasizes the neurons, their synaptic organization, and their formation of functional pathways and microcircuits. The goal of the book is to stimulate research into the cell biology of the central auditory system and the characteristics of the specific neurons and connections that are necessary for normal hearing. Future research on the development of the central auditory including that employing stem cells will require such information in order to engineer appropriate therapeutic approaches. ​

The Mammalian Auditory Pathway

The Mammalian Auditory Pathway
Author: Douglas B. Webster
Publisher:
Total Pages: 512
Release: 1992
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

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Information Processing in Mammalian Auditory and Tactile Systems

Information Processing in Mammalian Auditory and Tactile Systems
Author: Mark Rowe
Publisher:
Total Pages: 340
Release: 1990
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

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This text explores the shared and contrasting strategies for signalling and processing sensory information within auditory and tactile sytems and describes their physiologic organization. It brings together researchers in aspects of sensory physiology whose studies are linked by their reliance upon mechanoreceptor mechanisms. The book has a strong functional emphasis and is based on electrophysiological analyses from the receptor level to the anatomic level, probing the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex. It presents recent research data on mechanisms of auditory transduction, efferent control of cochlear function, the coding of information about sound intensity, directional aspects of hearing, frequency parameters of simple and complex vibrotactile stimuli, development and reorganization within auditory tactile systems, the application of fundamental sensory research to the problems of deafness.

Hearing

Hearing
Author: Lindsay Aitkin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 140
Release: 1998
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

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1 Introduction.- 1.1 Why Study Marsupials?.- 1.2 Evolutionary Considerations.- 1.3 Taxonomic Considerations.- 1.4 Ecological Considerations.- 1.5 The Approach of this Volume.- 2 The Design of the Mammalian Auditory System: A Brief Overview.- 2.1 Structure and Function of the Organ of Corti.- 2.2 Cochlear Potentials.- 2.3 Anatomy of Auditory Nerve and Brainstem.- 2.4 Anatomy of Thalamocortical Auditory System.- 2.4.1 Auditory Cortical Fields.- 2.4.2 Connections of Cortical Fields.- 3 Hearing of Marsupials.- 3.1 Behavioral Measurements.- 3.2 Electrophysiological Measures.- 3.2.1 Cochlear Potential Thresholds.- 3.2.2 Single-Unit Thresholds.- 3.2.3 Auditory Brain Stem Response (ABR).- 3.3 Future Research Directions.- 4 What Do Marsupials Listen To?.- 4.1 Vocalizations and Speech.- 4.2 Vocal Behavior of Adult Marsupials.- 4.3 Hearing Sensitivity and Vocal Spectra of Adults.- 4.4 Adult and Neonatal Hearing and Vocal Relationships.- 4.5 Hearing Sensitivity and the Sounds of Prey and Predators.- 4.6 Future Research Directions.- 5 Auditory Periphery of Marsupials.- 5.1 The Outer Ear.- 5.2 Middle Ear Structures.- 5.2.1 Evolution of Middle Ear Bones.- 5.2.2 Middle Ear of Marsupials.- 5.3 Cochlea.- 5.3.1 Evolution of Sound Reception.- 5.3.2 The Cochlea of Marsupials.- 5.3.3 Cochlear Potentials in Marsupials.- 5.4 Future Research Directions.- 6 Auditory Structures of the Brainstem.- 6.1The Marsupial Brain.- 6.2 Auditory Nuclei of the Medulla.- 6.2.1 Cochlear Nuclear Complex.- 6.2.2 Superior Olivary Complex.- 6.3 The Auditory Midbrain.- 6.3.1 Cytoarchitecture of the Inferior Colliculus.- 6.3.2 Afferent Connections of the Inferior Colliculus.- 6.3.3 Efferents from the Inferior Colliculus.- 6.4 Physiological Studies of the Auditory Midbrain.- 6.4.1 Tonotopic Organization of the Central Nucleus of the Inferior Colliculus and Frequency Selectivity of Single Units.- 6.4.2 Auditory Midbrain and Sound Localization.- 6.4.3 Auditory Midbrain and Acoustic Reflexes.- 6.5 Future Research Directions.- 7 Thalamocortical Auditory System.- 7.1 Medial Geniculate Body.- 7.1.1 Structure.- 7.1.2 Afferent Co0nnections.- 7.1.3 Comparisons with Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LG) of Marsupials.- 7.2 Evolution of the Neocortex.- 7.3 Auditory Cortical Fields in Marsupials.- 7.4 Auditory 0Cortical Connections of Marsupials.- 7.5 Effects of Lesions of Cortical Areas on Behavior.- 7.6 Future Research Directions.- 8 Development of the Auditory System.- 8.1 Why Marsupials Are Important to the Developmental Biologist.- 8.2 Embryogenesis of the Auditory System and Growth of Young Marsupials.- 8.3 Physiological Measures of the Onset of Hearing in Marsupials.- 8.4 Development of the Auditory Periphery.- 8.4.1 Mechanical Structures.- 8.4.2 Ultrastructural Development of the Cochlea in Eutherians.- 8.4.3 Ultrastructural Development of the Cochlea in Monodelphis.- 8.5 Anatomical Changes in the Brain.- 8.5.1 Cytogenesis, Migration and Formation of Nuclei.- 8.5.2 Development of Dendrites in the Inferior Colliculus.- 8.5.3 Development of Connections and Synapses in the Inferior Colliculus.- 8.5.4 Concerning the Determinants of Synaptogenesis.- 8.6 Future Research Directions.- 9 Conclusions.- 9.1 Hearing Sensitivity.- 9.2 Relationship Between Hearing Range and Vocal Behavior.- 9.3 The Marsupial Auditory Pathway.- References.

The Inferior Colliculus

The Inferior Colliculus
Author: Christoph E. Schreiner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 732
Release: 2005-02-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780387220383

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The inferior colliculus is essential for hearing. Connecting the auditory brain stem to sensory, motor, and limbic systems, the inferior colliculus is a critical midbrain station for auditory processing. Winer and Schreiner's The Inferior Colliculus is the first critical, comprehensive reference presenting the current knowledge of the inferior colliculus from a variety of perspectives, including anatomical, physiological, developmental, neurochemical, biophysical, neuroethological and clinical vantage points. Written by leading researchers in the field, the book is an ideal introduction to the inferior colliculus and central auditory processing for clinicians, otolaryngologists, graduate and postgraduate research workers in the auditory and other sensory-motor systems. About the Editors: Jeffery A. Winer is Professor of Neurobiology in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California at Berkeley. Christoph E. Schreiner is Professor and Vice-Chair in the Department of Otolaryngology and Member of the Coleman Memorial Laboratory and the W. M. Keck Center for Integrative Neurosciences at the University of California School of Medicine at San Francisco.

The Inferior Colliculus

The Inferior Colliculus
Author: Jeffery A. Winer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 720
Release: 2005-12-05
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0387270833

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Connecting the auditory brain stem to sensory, motor, and limbic systems, the inferior colliculus is a critical midbrain station for auditory processing. Winer and Schreiner's The Inferior Colliculus, a critical, comprehensive reference, presents the current knowledge of the inferior colliculus from a variety of perspectives, including anatomical, physiological, developmental, neurochemical, biophysical, neuroethological and clinical vantage points. Written by leading researchers in the field, the book is an ideal introduction to the inferior colliculus and central auditory processing for clinicians, otolaryngologists, graduate and postgraduate research workers in the auditory and other sensory-motor systems.

The Mammalian Cochlear Nuclei

The Mammalian Cochlear Nuclei
Author: Miguel A. Merchán
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 532
Release: 2012-03-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9781461362739

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The presence of sophisticated auditory processing in mammals has permitted perhaps the most significant evolutionary development in humans: that of language. An understanding of the neural basis of hearing is thus a starting point for elucidating the mechanisms that are essential to human communication. The cochlear nucleus is the first region of the brain to receive input from the inner ear and is therefore the earliest stage in the central nervous system at which auditory signals are processed for distribution to higher centers. Clarifying its role in the central auditory pathway is crucial to our knowledge of how the brain deals with complex stimuli such as speech, and is also essential for understanding the central effects of peripheral sensorineural hearing loss caused by, for example, aging, ototoxic drugs, and noise. Ambitious new developments to assist people with total sensorineural deafness, including both cochlear and cochleus nuclear implants, require a detailed knowledge of the neural signals received by the brainstem and how these are processed. Recently, many new data have been obtained on the structure and function of the cochlear nucleus utilizing combinations of anatomical, physiological, pharmacological and molecular biological procedures. Approaches such as intracellular dye-filling of physiologically identified neurons, localization of classical neurotransmitters, peptides, receptors and special proteins, or gene expression have opened the door to novel morphofunctional correlations.

The Central Auditory System

The Central Auditory System
Author: Günter Ehret
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 428
Release: 1997
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780195096842

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This is a graduate-level text on the neurobiology of hearing, covering the structure and function of the central auditory pathway of all mammals.

Handbook of Mammalian Vocalization

Handbook of Mammalian Vocalization
Author: Stefan M Brudzynski
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 551
Release: 2009-12-08
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0080923372

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Handbook of Mammalian Vocalization is designed as a broad and comprehensive, but well-balanced book, written from the neuroscience point of view in the broad sense of this term. This well-illustrated Handbook pays particular attention to systematically organized details but also to the explanatory style of the text and internal cohesiveness of the content, so the successive chapters gradually develop a consistent story without losing the inherent complexity. Studies from many species are included, however rodents dominate, as most of the brain investigations were done on these species. The leading idea of the Handbook is that vocalizations evolved as highly adaptive specific signals, which are selectively picked up by the brain. The brain serves as a receptor and behavioural amplifier. Brain systems will be described, which allow vocal signals rapidly changing the entire state of the organism and trigger vital biological responses, usually also with accompanying emission of vocalizations. Integrative brain functions leading to vocal outcome will be described, along with the vocalization generators and motor output to larynx and other supportive motor subsystems. The last sections of the Handbook explains bioacoustic structure of vocalizations, present understanding of information coding, and origins of the complex semiotic/ semantic content of vocalizations in social mammals. The Handbook is a major source of information for professionals from many fields, with a neuroscience approach as a common denominator. The handbook provides consistent and unified understanding of all major aspects of vocalization in a monographic manner, and at the same time, gives an encyclopaedic overview of major topics associated with vocalization from molecular/ cellular level to behavior and cognitive processing. It is written in a strictly scientific way but clear enough to serve not only for specialized researchers in different fields of neuroscience but also for academic teachers of neuroscience, including behavioural neuroscience, affective neuroscience, clinical neuroscience, neuroethology, biopsychology, neurolingusitics, speech pathology, and other related fields, and also for research fellows, graduate and other advanced students, who widely need such a source publication. The first comprehensive handbook on what we know about vocalization in Mammalians Carefully edited, the handbook provides an integrated overview of the area International list of highly regarded contributors, including Jaak Pankseep (Washington State University), David McFarland (Oxford), John D. Newman (NIH ? Unit on Developmental Neuroethology), Gerd Poeggel (Leipzig), Shiba Keisuke (Chiba City, Japan), and others, tightly edited by a single, well regarded editor who has edited a special issue in Behavioral Brain Research on the topic before