Delinquency, Its Roots, Careers, and Prospects

Delinquency, Its Roots, Careers, and Prospects
Author: Donald James West
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 196
Release: 1982
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9780674195653

Download Delinquency, Its Roots, Careers, and Prospects Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Delinquency evaluates one of the largest longitudinal-observational studies of juvenile delinquents ever conducted. Utilizing a normal population sample and conducting individual interviews repeatedly over many years, the author and his colleagues followed the development of 400 British working-class boys from age eight to twenty-five, of whom one-third eventually had criminal records. Five factors were found to predict most delinquent behavior, the most powerful statistically being the presence of a criminal parent. By measuring the accumulated pressure of these factors, D. J. West demonstrates the extent to which delinquency can be predicted from classroom observations or social background at an early age. He outlines policy guidelines that would tailor intervention to a youth's age and circumstances, and he argues persuasively that positive change in the parents' situation usually produces good effects on the children.

Delinquency and Crime

Delinquency and Crime
Author: J. David Hawkins
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 356
Release: 1996-03-29
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9780521478946

Download Delinquency and Crime Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Why is crime persistent over generations, within families and within certain individuals? Is crime the manifestation of an inherited latent trait or the result of a failure of socialization and norm-setting processes? Why do youths commit crimes? Delinquency and Crime contains essays by nine leading criminologists that seek to answer these and other questions by describing current theories of crime and the research evidence that supports them. The authors' views on crime causation go beyond traditional criminological theories of strain, cultural deviance, social control, differential association and social learning to present emerging and integrated models of the origins of crime, including antisocial peer socialization, social development, interactional theory, behavior genetics, and community determinants. Each essay explores the practical implication of the authors' theoretical work for crime prevention and control.

Male Criminal Activity from Childhood Through Youth

Male Criminal Activity from Childhood Through Youth
Author: Marc Le Blanc
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 240
Release: 2013-03-07
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1461235707

Download Male Criminal Activity from Childhood Through Youth Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Male Criminal Activity From Childhood Through Youth reports the results of a large longitudinal study from 1972 to 1985 on a sample of delinquents and a comparison sample of the population in Montreal. A clarification emerges from this extensive study: how to describe criminal activity in a comprehensive theory of crime which integrates the offense, offending, and patterns of offending. Using a developmental approach, Drs. Le Blanc and Fréchette observed a gradation of crimes with subjects progressing through five distinct stages of offending. In all, the research investigates the factors that sustain the development of offending and the mechanisms which accelerate, stabilize, and decelerate the commission of crimes. This book represents a significant advance in the understanding of the development of criminal activity.

Crime, Inequality and the State

Crime, Inequality and the State
Author: Mary Vogel
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 654
Release: 2020-10-28
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1000116085

Download Crime, Inequality and the State Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Why has crime dropped while imprisonment grows? This well-edited volume of ground-breaking articles explores criminal justice policy in light of recent research on changing patterns of crime and criminal careers. Highlighting the role of conservative social and political theory in giving rise to criminal justice policies, this innovative book focuses on such policies as ‘three strikes (two in the UK) and you’re out’, mandatory sentencing and widespread incarceration of drug offenders. It highlights the costs - in both money and opportunity - of increased prison expansion and explores factors such as: labour market dynamics the rise of a ‘prison industry’ the boost prisons provide to economies of underdeveloped regions the spreading political disenfranchisement of the disadvantaged it has produced. Throughout this book, hard facts and figures are accompanied by the faces and voices of the individuals and families whose lives hang in the balance. This volume, an essential resource for students, policy makers and researchers of criminology, criminal justice, social policy and criminal law, uses a compelling inter-play of theoretical works and powerful empirical research to present vivid portraits of individual life experiences.

Continuity and Discontinuity in Criminal Careers

Continuity and Discontinuity in Criminal Careers
Author: Paul E. Tracy
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 275
Release: 2013-11-21
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 147579844X

Download Continuity and Discontinuity in Criminal Careers Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

It takes courage to do research on crime and delinquency. Such research is typically conducted in an atmosphere of concern about the problem it addresses and is typically justified as an attempt to discover new facts or to evaluate innovative programs or policies. When, as must often be the case, no new facts are forthcoming or innovative programs turn out not to work, hopes are dashed and time and money are felt to have been wasted. Because they take more time, longitudinal studies require even greater amounts of courage. If the potential for discovery is enhanced, so is the risk of wasted effort. Long-term longitudinal studies are thought to be especially risky for other reasons as well. Theories, issues, and sta tistical methods in vogue at the time they were planned may not be in vogue when they are finally executed. Perhaps worse, according to some perspectives, the structure of causal factors may shift during the execu tion of a longitudinal project such that in the end its findings apply to a reality that no longer exists. These fears and expectations assume an ever-changing world and a corresponding conception of research as a more or less disciplined search for news. Such ideas belittle the contributions of past research and leave us vulnerable to theories, programs, policies, and research agendas that may have only tenuous connections to research of any kind.

The Termination of Criminal Careers

The Termination of Criminal Careers
Author: Stephen Farrall
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 592
Release: 2017-07-05
Genre: History
ISBN: 1351540033

Download The Termination of Criminal Careers Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Recent years have witnessed an increase in the attention given to the later stages of criminal careers. Research upon this topic has charted the main factors associated with the termination of criminal careers, outlined some of the possible reasons behind these relationships and started to develop theoretical explanations for such relationships. Collected together for the first time are some of the most important contributions to this field of research. The collection focuses upon the initial explorations into this topic, the most commonly observed findings, the cessation of offending by specific offender-types and theoretical matters. An introductory essay by the editor provides a thorough overview of the work in this area and highlights the reasons why the termination of criminal careers will become increasingly important to criminologists and criminal justice policy makers alike.

Delinquency and Juvenile Justice in American Society

Delinquency and Juvenile Justice in American Society
Author: Randall G. Shelden
Publisher: Waveland Press
Total Pages: 543
Release: 2011-08-08
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1478610174

Download Delinquency and Juvenile Justice in American Society Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Extensively revised, the second edition blends theory, research, and applications into a superb overview of the complex issues surrounding juvenile delinquency and societys attempts to address juvenile crime. After providing an excellent historical foundation, Shelden presents the theories essential to understanding crime and delinquency. He then explores the system and its effects on juveniles and society, including comprehensive coverage of female delinquency. The social, legal, and political influences on how the public perceives juveniles and the inequality in U.S. society that affects families, communities, and schools are highlighted throughout the book. The concluding chapter looks at solutions that have worked and identifies trends in treating juvenile delinquency. The authors almost four decades of teaching about and researching juveniles and the system make him eminently qualified to offer readers the tools necessary to think critically about delinquency and to evaluate the policies enacted to manage the juveniles who violate the laws. Delinquency and Juvenile Justice in American Society, 2/E provides affordable, up-to-date, easily accessible, and thorough analysis of a significant topic.

Crime

Crime
Author: Philip Bean
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 596
Release: 2003
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9780415252676

Download Crime Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Families, Schools, and Delinquency Prevention

Families, Schools, and Delinquency Prevention
Author: Glenn C. Loury
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 346
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1461570298

Download Families, Schools, and Delinquency Prevention Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Are there ways to intervene early in a child's life that might reduce, at a reasonable cost, the probability of his becoming a serious delinquent? The results of some small-scale social experiments have been published suggesting that certain kinds of preschool education and parent training might have desirable and lasting effects. In addition, there is growing evidence that some kinds of medical intervention and certain forms of school organization and ethos could help reduce the rate of misconduct. The authors provide a full-scale assessment of the evidence that might lead to the design of new research and action efforts.

Developmental Theories of Crime and Delinquency

Developmental Theories of Crime and Delinquency
Author: Terence Thornberry
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 551
Release: 2018-02-06
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1351522396

Download Developmental Theories of Crime and Delinquency Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

In Developmental Theories of Crime and Delinquency, Terence P. Thornberry and his contributors show that criminal behavior is not a static human attribute, but ebbs and flows over the life course of the individual. Criminal behavior tends to follow a distinct psychological pattern. It is relatively uncommon during childhood, is initiated by most offenders during adolescence, flourishes during late adolescence and early childhood, and usually diminishes or disappears by the mid-twenties. This pattern is not characteristic of all people--some never commit crimes and others become career criminals--but it is a general description of the developmental pattern of criminal offenders. This pattern has profound implications for theories of crime and delinquency. Not only does it explain initiation into, maintenance of, and desistance from involvement in crime, it offers insight into why crime flourishes during adolescence. Traditional theories of crime and delinquency have often failed to distinguish among different phases of criminal careers. They tend to ignore developmental changes that occur across a person's life course, changes that coincide with and can explain the causes and patterns of criminal behavior. This paperback edition of the seventh volume of the distinguished series Advances in Criminological Theory moves us from static identifications of the criminal by presenting a broad range of developmental explanations of crime. Each contributor articulates a developmental or life course perspective in explaining how people become involved in delinquency and crime. Each covers a wide range of theoretical territory and reveals how a developmental perspective enhances the explanatory power of traditional theories of crime and delinquency. This volume is an invaluable tool for criminologists, sociologists, psychologists, and other professionals seeking to teach how crime and violence can be understood in our culture.