Nanotechnology has been a priority research field in many countries, because new discoveries in this field have the potential power to unravel new phenomena and new principles of materials use. This collection of knowledge concerning frontier issues in nanotechnology will aid the further promotion of the integration of nanotechnology and industry. The collection covers the topics of: Nanomaterials and preparation, self-assembly technology, nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices, nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine, characterization and measurement of nanostructures, computation and modeling at the nanoscale, consumer nanotechnologies and applications, converging technologies-NBIC, nanocomposites and nanomechanics. This promises to be an essential guide to the topic.